Systematic review: randomized, controlled trials of nonsurgical treatments for urinary incontinence in women.
Shamliyan TA, Kane RL, Wyman J, Wilt TJ
The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize evidence of management of urinary incontinence in women. Moderate levels of evidence suggest that pelvic floor muscle training and bladder training resolved urinary incontinence in women. Anticholinergic drugs resolved urinary incontinence, with similar effects from oxybutynin or tolterodine. Duloxetine improved but did not resolve urinary incontinence. The effects of electrostimulation, medical devices, injectable bulking agents, and local estrogen therapy were inconsistent.
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2008, 148(6), 459-73
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